Superheater boiler



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 27, 1950 INVENTOR John ABmneS.

ATTORNEY 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR JahnAJBwmes.

ATTORNEY Feb. ,7, 1933. J. A. BARNES SUPERHEATER BOILER Filed June 27, 1930 K as Patented Feb. 7, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN A. BARNES, or GHAPPAQUA, NEW YoRx,-. .essrenon r 'lJI-IE SUPERHEATER GOM- i 1 PANY, on NEW YORK, n. Y. r

SUPERHEATER BOILER Application filed Tune 27,

My invention relates to steam generators and aims to provide an apparatus having high output for given space and weight and aims further to provide sucha generator which shall have spaces well'adapted to receive superheater elements.

In steam generators for use on board ship it is highly desirable that the output per pound and per cubic foot of the generator be as high as consistent with safety and reliability. The considerations of safety and reliability have heretofore-hindered the use of superheated steam in marine installations. It is an object of my invention to provide a superheater steam generator of tested and reliable type and having a high output in proportlon to its weight and space. 1

In accordance v with my invention,- the known high capacity of the A type boiler is increased, the weight decreased-and, at the same time, a. space for the convenient and safe reception of a. superheater is provided by providing two top drums, one on each side of the boiler, as well as two bottom drums and connecting each lower drum with the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler by relatively large water tubes inclined somewhat more toward the horizontal than the tubes forming the banks ordinarily used in A type boilers. V

The novel features of my invention will be pointed out with particularity in the appended claims. In order, however, that my invention maybe fully understood, I will now describe in detail, in connection with the accompanying drawings, a superheater boiler embodying my invention. In said boiler Fig. 1 is an elevational view, partly in transverse vertical section, of. an A type superheater boiler in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, parts being omitted for purposes of illustration.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section onthe line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectionon the line H of Fig. 2.

1930. semi 1 To.4=6 .l,265.

Fig. 'is a fragmentary section on the line 5-5 of Fi .2.-

Referring to the drawings more in detail,

the steam generating apparatus therein illustrated comprises a furnace chamber 10 having a front wall 12 in which are shown a number of apertures for burners 14, 14 arranged to discharge horizontally into the chamber 10. The furnace chamber has a bottom 16 and is otherwise defined by steam generating tubes forming part of an A type or Yarrow type boiler 18 which comprises two lower drums 20, 20, one on each side of the furnace chamber 10 andtwo upper steam and the chamber '10, drums 20, 20 and 22, '22 lying parallel to and being arranged 'symmet rically to such central plane. One of drums '20 is connected to that one of the steam and water drums 22 on the'same side. of the'furnace chamber 10 by means of a bank of inclined small generating tubes; 24, and a similar bank of generating tubes 24 also connects the other drum 20- with the other drum 22.

Preferably the chamber 10 extends somewhat below the drums and I have shown two sets of generating tubes "26, 26'forming vertical water walls along two sides of the furnace 10 parallel to the axes of drums 20 and running from near the bottom of the furnace chamber to the level .of such drums. WVater is supplied to the lower ends of tubes 26 by downcomers 28, 28 which run from the drums 20 down to headers 30, 30 outside of opposite walls of the furnace chamber and into which the lower ends of the'tubes, 26 are connected. By virtue of the arrangement just described and including thetubes 26,, tubes 26 form part of the thermosyphonic circulating system of the boiler. Preferably the tubes 26 are of the bifurcated type, being connected in pairsat points 32 to throats 34 each commonto a pairof tubes 26 which are extended into the headers 30.

are set close together to form substantially Belowithe level of the drums 20, tubes'26 R continuous walls. At about the level of drums 20, however, it is necessary that the gases from the furnace 10 be permitted to pass into the banks of tubes 24 and thence to the breechings 36 in accordance with the ordinary practice in the Yarrow boilers. It is desirable also that the small tubes in bank 24 be protected from the radiation from the furnace 10, since tubes exposed to radiation and at the sametime to the impact ofa stream of furnace gases at high temperature deteriorate very rapidly. Therefore, I do not connect the upper ends of the tubes 26 into the drums 20 but extend them u wardly between the tube banks 24 and the urnace 10; In order that the furnace gases may pass into the tube bank, every otherone of the tubes 26' is bent toward the central plane of the furnace at a lower point 38 than the adj acent tubes which are bent toward the furnace at points 40. As appears clearly from Figs. 1' and 4, spaces are thereby produced between the tubes 26 along their upper portions to permit the passage of gas therebetween. As will be seen, however, the tubes 26 are of materially larger diameter than the tubes 24 so that the ratio of heating surface to the volume of water contained therein is much less and they are able therefore to withstand the combined effects of radiation and impact by high temperature furnace gases without damage.

In order'toprovide a space in the boiler for a superheater so arranged that the superheater may act efficiently and give a high degree of superheat without over-heating the tubes thereof, I incline the upperportions of the tubes 26 toward the central vertical plane of the boiler more sharply than the bank 24 so as to leave a space between tubes 26 and the front of the bank 24. Furthermore, in order to protect theroof of the chamber 10 I prefer not to connect the upper ends of the tubes'26 to the drums 22 on the same side as the lower ends of such tubes, but to cross the two banks of tubes 26 at their other upper ends so that their upper ends lie on the opposite side of the furnace from their lower ends. To provide room between the tubes of one group 26 for the passage of the tubes of the other such group, alternate tubes of each group are bent as indicated at 44, Fig. 2, to lie in pairs in planes perpendicular to the drums 20 and 22. The upper ends of the tubes 26, may therefore, cross as illustrated in Fig. l and connect in pairs through throats 34 into the upper drums 22 on opposite sides of the furnace chamber from their lower ends. As shown, tubes 26 are of the bifurcated type, butI do not limit myself to this. The arrangement of the upper ends of the tubes 26 just described furnish also space for the convenient insertion of superheater elements 46 between the upper ends of tubes 26 so that the'elements may extend downwardly into the V shaped spaces 42 between the banks 24 and the tubes 26. In order to further protect the elements 46 against high temperatures, I prefer to run a few small tubes 48 from each lower drum 20 to the diagonally opposite drum 22 immediately in the rear of tubes 26 and between the tubes 26 and the elements 46. As indicated at 50, certain of tubes 48 must also be bent at their upper ends so that these tubeslie in groups in a plane perpendicular to the drums 20 and 22 to provide space for the tubes 26 and 48 from the other side of the boiler to cross them at their upper ends.

Steam is taken from the drums 22 through outlet pipes 52, 52"which are connected by a central T 54 and joined to an inletheader 56 common to the superheater elements 46 for both sides of the boiler. The common outlet header 58. may be connected to a delivery pipe not shown.

Preferably the rear wall of the furnace 10 is formed by generating tubes 60 set close together and extending vertically between a lower header 62 and an upper header 64 which are connected to the drums 20 and 22 by suitable connections 66 and 68 respectively.

I have found that the arrangement above described having two top drums instead of one possesses, in addition to the advantages mentioned, the advantage that it permits a larger furnace volume for a given floor area, a very important factor in marine installations.

The invention herein disclosed is in some aspects an improvement over that of my prior application, Serial No. 372,615, filed June 21, 1929, for water tube boilers.

What I claim is: 1. A boiler having a pair of lower water drums, a pair of upper steam and water drums set closer together than said lower drums, banks of relatively small generating tubes connecting each of said lower drums to the upper drum on the same side of the boiler as itself, two sets of relatively large generating tubes, each in front of one of said banks and having a function in connecting one of said lower drums and the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler from itself and each set arranged to provide a space between itself and the one of said banks on the same side of the boiler as itself, and superheater elements arranged in said spaces. 7

2. A boiler comprising a pair of lower water drums, a pair of upper steam and water drums set closer together than said lower drums, a bank of relatively small generating tubes connecting each of said lower drums with the upper drum on the sameside of the boiler as itself, and a group of relatively large generating tubes having a function in connecting each of said lower drums andthe upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler from jitself, each of said groups 'oflarger tubes beginning at a level below said lower drums and having its tubes arranged side by side to form a water wall below said drums and having a portion above said drums in which its tubes are alternately closer to and farther away from the center of the boiler, and with adjacent tubes staggered in the direction of gas flow, but having a portion at its extreme upper end in which its tubes are arranged in pairs in spaced planes perpendicular to the said drums.

8. A boiler as set forth in claim 2 together with superheater elements intermediate the larger generating tubes and the smaller ones.

4. A boiler as set forth in claim 2 together with superheater elements between the larger generating tubes and the banks of smaller tubes, and additional smaller tubes between the superheater elements and the larger tubes.

5. A boilerhaving a furnace, a pair of parallel upper drums and a pair of parallel lower drums, one drum of each pair lying on the opposite side of the center of the boiler from its mate, and means for providing a thermo-syphonic circulation between said drums and including two banks of tubes each lying wholly on one side of the vertical central plane of the boiler parallel to said drums, and two groups of bifurcated tubes, one on each side of the furnace from the other and each group having its tubes set side by side along their lower portions to form a water wall but arranged some forward of the others throughout the levels occupied in common with said banks to provide spaces for the passage of gases toward one of said banks and having the extreme upper ends of its tubes arranged to overlap in the direction parallel to said drums to provide space for tubes from the other such group and having connections with the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler from the lower ends.

6. A boiler having a pair of lower water drums, a pair of upper steam and water drums set closer together than said lower drums, a pair of banks of relatively small generating tubes each connecting one of said lower drums to the upper drum on the same side of the boiler, two sets of relatively large generating tubes each in front of one of said banks and having a function in connecting one of said lower drums to the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler from itself and each set extending generally parallel to the bank of tubes connected with the same lower drum as itself and arranged to provide a space between itself and the one of said banks on the same side of the boiler as itself, and superheater elements arranged in said spaces, said sets of larger tubes being constructed and arranged to permit passage of gases therebetween but to partially shield said elements from radiation from the furnace andso arranged at their extreme upper ends as to provide space in the direction parallel to said drums for the tubes of each set to cross the other.

7. A boiler comprising a pair of lower water drums, a pair of upper steam and water drums set closer together than said lower drums, banks of generating tubes each connecting one of said lower drums with the upper drum on the same side of the boiler as itself, and groups of generating tubes each having a function in connecting one of said lower drums and the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler from itself,each of said groups of tubes beginning at a level below said lower drums and having its tubes arranged side by side to forma water wall below said drums and having a portion above said drums in which its tubes are alternately closer to and farther away from the center of the boiler and with adjacent tubes staggered in the direction of the gas flow, but having a portion at its extreme upper end in which its tubes are arranged in pairs in spaced planes perpendicular to the said drums.

8. A boiler having a pairof lower water drums, a pair of upper steam and water drums, banks of generating tubes each connecting one of said lower drums to the upper drum on the same side of the boiler as itself, two sets of generating tubes, each in. front of one of said banks andhaving a function in connecting one of said lower drums to the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler and each set arranged to provide a V-shaped space between itself and one of said banks, said sets of generating tubes arranged to cross each other in the upper portion of the boiler, and superheater elements extending transversely of the upper ends of said sets down into said V-shaped space.

9. A boiler having a pair of lower water drums, a pair of upper steam and water drums, banks of generating tubes each connecting one of said lower drums to the upper drum on the same side of the boiler as itself, two sets of generating tubes, each in front of one of said banks and having a'function in connecting one of said lower drums to the upper drum on the opposite side of the boiler and each set arrangedto provide a V-shaped space between itself and one of said banks, said sets of generating tubes arranged to cross each other in the upper portion of the boiler, superheater elements ex tending transversely of the upper ends of said sets down into said V-shaped space, and gas uptake means connected to receive. furnace gases at the outer sides of said banks.

JOHN A. BARNES. 

